Light from the following nebulae in the 700 to 5,000 light-year range is predominantly blue at source: Helix NGC7293, Iris NGC7023, and Swan’s Crescent NGC6888. It is only because light from Y started out at a much higher frequency that it has not yet dropped into the red range of the spectrum. The light from both X and Y is being attenuated (redshifted) at the same rate. The temptation is to conclude that light from X is redshifted and light from Y is blueshifted, but that would be a mistake. If Star X at a temperature of 7,0000C and Star Y at 12,0000C are the same distance from Earth, we could simultaneously be receiving light from X in the red end of the spectrum and light from Y in the blue end of the spectrum. A star with a surface temperature of 12,0000 C emits light in the blue end of the spectrum, and one with a surface temperature of 3,0000 C emits light in the red end of the spectrum. Light cannot behave in any other way.īecause the surface temperature of the Sun is 5, 5000 C, it emits light in the yellow range of the spectrum. There is no such thing as a “blueshift” whereby wavelengths shorten and frequency increases. If, however, that source emits light in the blue end of the spectrum, it will have redshifted but could still be in the blue range by the time we receive it. If a distant source emits light in the middle of the spectrum, it can be in the red end of the spectrum by the time we receive it. The farther away a galaxy is, the more its light shifts toward the red end of the spectrum. We observe this phenomenon as a “redshift”, i.e., the tendency of visible light to drop toward the red end of the spectrum. The farther light travels, the greater the degree to which its frequency slowly diminishes as its wavelength correspondingly increases. Where c = speed of light ℷ = wavelength of light and f = frequency of light wave. Over extreme distances, light attenuates according to the following equation These include big bang theory, expansion theory, Hubble’s law, dark matter theory, and dark energy theory. Thus, all theories that depend on the Doppler-redshift misconception are necessarily invalid. No theory can be valid if it is based on a false assumption. As a sound source moves away from you, identical length waves hit your ear less frequently, distorting the perceived sound to a lower frequency. If the source of a sound is moving toward you, identical length waves hit your ear more frequently, distorting the perceived sound to a higher frequency. Sound waves are longitudinal (i.e., vibrate parallel to their path) and can only propagate by compression and rarefaction of the medium through which they travel (e.g., air, water, solids). Light waves are transverse (i.e., oscillate perpendicular to their path) and do not require any medium through which to travel. To presume they are the same “Doppler-redshift” is rather like referring to a line in geometry as a straight-curve. Redshift is attenuation whereas Doppler is distortion. In Doppler, there is only the illusion of a change in wavelength. In redshift there is an actual increase in wavelength. Redshift and Doppler are two fundamentally different phenomenon. Slipher did not understand how light attenuates and mistakenly believed he was witnessing a Doppler effect. In 1915, astronomer Vesto Slipher observed that light from some spiral nebulae is redshifted and falsely presumed he was witnessing a light source rapidly moving away from the observer and somehow stretching the wavelength of light it emits. Light Attenuation Redshift Frequency Introduction When redshift is properly understood, it can tell us how far light travels before it drops beneath the visible spectrum. This study explains the true nature of redshift and provides a formula for estimating the rate at which light attenuates over extreme distances. This is the fundamental cosmological error that creates the fatal flaw in these misconceived hypotheses: big bang theory, expansion theory, Hubble’s law, dark matter, and dark energy. Unfortunately, for over 100 years redshift has been misinterpreted as a Doppler effect. We observe this phenomenon as a redshift, the tendency of visible light to drop toward the red end of the spectrum. As light travels extreme distances through space, its frequency slowly diminishes (attenuates).
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